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To the best of authors' knowledge, there is no practical model for privacy-respecting digital investigation which is capable of considering different jurisdictions requirements and protecting subjects' data privacy in line with investigation warrant permissions and data-origin privacy requirements. These all raise the concern for development of platforms for enforcing privacy boundaries even to authorized forensics investigators. At the same time, once the private data is exposed it is impossible to 'undo' its exposure effects should the suspect is found innocent! Moreover, it is not uncommon that during a suspect investigation, private information of other innocent parties becomes apparent to the forensics investigator.
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The forensics investigation requirements are in direct conflict with the privacy rights of those whose actions are being investigated. Our examination extracted a variety of potentially evidential items ranging from Ubuntu One databases and log files on persistent storage to remnants of user activities in device memory and network traffic.
#Spideroak down mac os#
We then examined the resulting digital artifacts on a range of client devices, namely, Windows 8.1, Apple Mac OS X, and Apple iOS. We undertook experiments based on common activities performed by users on cloud platforms including downloading, uploading, viewing, and deleting files. In this chapter, we conducted a number of experiments to locate data remnants of users' activities when utilizing the Ubuntu One cloud service. Hence, digital forensic investigators need to have a working knowledge of the potential evidence that might be stored on cloud services. Investigating cloud platforms is becoming a standard component of contemporary digital investigation cases. Similar to other technologies, this widely accepted service can be misused by criminals.
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STorage as a Service (STaaS) cloud services have been adopted by both individuals and businesses as a dominant technology worldwide. In this review paper, we take the first step towards reviewing the cloud forensics works that have been done by other researchers, and then do some discussion and analysis based on our findings to consider the opportunities and challenges confront the cloud forensics based on our findings. Regarding this some research has been done, which propose solutions in doing forensic investigation. Notwithstanding the cloud presents some promising technical and economic benefits, users still resist to use cloud mainly due to security issues because it poses a challenge in doing cloud forensic investigations. Moreover, cloud service providers and customers have yet to establish adequate forensic capabilities that could support investigations of criminal activities in the cloud. Cloud computing posed a critical risk and challenges to digital investigators, but provides plenty of opportunities to investigators for improving the digital forensics. Most of the growth in this field is due to transfer of the traditional model of IT services to a novel model of cloud and the ubiquity of access to electronic and digital devices. Finally, based on these findings, we make many recommendations relevant to the digital investigation involving these applications.Ĭloud computing technology is a rapidly growing field of study, which relies on sharing computing resources rather than having local servers or personal devices to handle applications. These findings assist forensic investigators in performing complete, credible and conclusive digital investigation by allowing them to create complete file management history of these applications. The study also identifies mechanisms for extracting these artefacts from the devices. This information includes installation details, login credentials, names and timestamps of files uploaded, downloaded, deleted and shared. Our experiments demonstrate that rich information arising from user activities is left behind by these applications.
#Spideroak down android#
In this paper, we investigate and FlipDrive cloud client applications on Android platform for artefacts left behind by user activities. However, smartphones used to access these cloud services can serve as potential sources. The complex architecture and legal restrictions associated with cloud services make the acquisition of data from servers almost impossible in digital investigations involving cloud services.